If you are developing or deploying artificial intelligence products in China, understanding the regulatory landscape is not optional—it is mandatory. The Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) has established comprehensive requirements for AI model registration and algorithm assessment under the "Regulations on the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services" and related frameworks. This tutorial walks you through every requirement from first principles, with hands-on guidance that assumes zero prior experience with regulatory compliance or API integration.

Understanding China's AI Regulatory Framework

China became the first major economy to establish specific regulations for generative AI services in August 2023. The framework requires providers of generative AI services to register their algorithms and models with authorities, conduct security assessments, and maintain compliance throughout the service lifecycle. Whether you are building a chatbot, a content generation tool, or an AI-powered application that serves Chinese users, you must understand these requirements before launch.

The primary regulatory bodies involved include the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC), the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT), and local counterparts at the provincial and municipal levels. Each body oversees different aspects—from algorithm registration to data security to content governance.

Who Must Register?

Any organization or individual that provides generative AI services to the public in China must comply. This includes foreign companies offering AI services to Chinese users, domestic startups, and established enterprises deploying AI products internally if those products are accessible to the public. The registration requirement applies regardless of where your company is incorporated.

The Algorithm Registration Process: Step-by-Step

Step 1: Determine Your Compliance Obligations

Before beginning registration, you must assess whether your AI system falls under regulatory requirements. A generative AI service is broadly defined as any service that generates text, images, audio, video, or other content based on user input. If your product fits this description and serves Chinese users, you must register.

Screenshot hint: [Imagine a flowchart diagram showing decision points: Does your service generate content? → Does it serve Chinese users? → Is it publicly accessible? → Yes to all three means registration required]

Step 2: Prepare Required Documentation

The registration package requires several documents. I recommend starting document preparation at least eight weeks before your planned submission date, as gathering all materials typically takes longer than expected for first-time applicants.

Step 3: Submit Through the Internet Information Service Algorithm Recommendation System

China operates the Internet Information Service Algorithm Recommendation System (算法推荐信息服务管理规定) for algorithm registration. Access the platform at the designated government portal and create an account using your organization's unified social credit code or foreign business registration number.

Screenshot hint: [Imagine a screen capture of the algorithm registration portal login page, with fields for organization name, registration number, and Chinese representative contact information]

The submission process involves uploading documents, completing multiple forms, and providing technical specifications about your AI model. Plan for two to four hours of active work to complete the submission, plus additional time if document translation is required.

Step 4: Respond to Review Inquiries

After submission, the CAC typically takes thirty to ninety days for initial review. During this period, reviewers may request additional information or clarification. I experienced two rounds of inquiries for my first registration—expect similar iterations and respond promptly to avoid delays.

Step 5: Receive Registration Number

Upon approval, you will receive a registration number that must be displayed in your service interface and included in relevant documentation. This number confirms your algorithm complies with domestic requirements and authorizes you to continue offering the service in China.

Algorithm Assessment Requirements

Beyond registration, your AI system must undergo assessment against specific security and capability standards. The assessment framework evaluates multiple dimensions including content safety, data governance, transparency, and reliability.

Content Safety Assessment

Your AI system must demonstrate effective mechanisms for preventing generation of prohibited content. This includes politically sensitive material, violent or恐怖 content, misinformation, and content that violates social ethics. The assessment requires you to provide test results showing your safety mechanisms' effectiveness across diverse scenarios.

Training Data Governance

China's regulations require transparent disclosure of training data sources and evidence that data collection complied with applicable laws. If training data includes personal information, you must demonstrate compliance with PIPL requirements including legitimate purpose, consent mechanisms, and data minimization principles.

Algorithmic Transparency Requirements

You must provide documentation explaining how your AI model makes decisions and generates content. This includes the model's capabilities and limitations, potential biases, and any known failure modes. Users must be informed when they are interacting with AI-generated content rather than human-created material.

Reliability and Accuracy Standards

Assessment includes evaluation of your system's accuracy, stability, and ability to handle edge cases appropriately. Systems must refuse requests they cannot fulfill safely and must degrade gracefully rather than generating misleading information when uncertain.

Technical Implementation: Building a Compliant AI Integration

Now that you understand the regulatory requirements, let us implement a compliant AI integration. For API access that meets China's requirements while offering exceptional value, I recommend HolySheep AI. They offer free credits upon registration, support for WeChat and Alipay payments, and latency under 50 milliseconds.

HolySheep AI's pricing structure provides remarkable savings compared to standard international rates. At ¥1=$1 equivalent with rates around $0.42 per million tokens for models like DeepSeek V3.2, you save over 85% compared to typical ¥7.3 pricing from other providers. For enterprise deployments requiring GPT-4.1 or Claude Sonnet 4.5, HolySheep offers these at $8 and $15 per million tokens respectively—significantly below market averages.

Setting Up Your HolySheep AI Integration

First, register for an account and obtain your API key from the HolySheep dashboard. The base URL for all API calls is https://api.holysheep.ai/v1. Below is a complete, copy-paste-runnable example showing a basic text completion request.

import requests
import json

HolySheep AI Configuration

Sign up at: https://www.holysheep.ai/register

BASE_URL = "https://api.holysheep.ai/v1" API_KEY = "YOUR_HOLYSHEEP_API_KEY" # Replace with your actual key def generate_content(prompt, model="deepseek-v3.2"): """ Generate content using HolySheep AI API. Pricing (2026 rates): - DeepSeek V3.2: $0.42/MTok (extremely cost-effective) - Gemini 2.5 Flash: $2.50/MTok (fast responses) - GPT-4.1: $8.00/MTok (premium quality) - Claude Sonnet 4.5: $15.00/MTok (highest reasoning) Latency: Typically under 50ms for API response """ headers = { "Authorization": f"Bearer {API_KEY}", "Content-Type": "application/json" } payload = { "model": model, "messages": [ {"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful assistant. " "All responses must be appropriate for users in all jurisdictions."}, {"role": "user", "content": prompt} ], "temperature": 0.7, "max_tokens": 1000 } try: response = requests.post( f"{BASE_URL}/chat/completions", headers=headers, json=payload, timeout=30 ) response.raise_for_status() result = response.json() return result['choices'][0]['message']['content'] except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e: print(f"API request failed: {e}") return None

Example usage

if __name__ == "__main__": content = generate_content( "Explain the importance of AI safety in three sentences." ) if content: print("Generated content:") print(content)

Building a Content Safety Filter

For regulatory compliance, you must implement content filtering both for user inputs and model outputs. Below is a practical implementation that integrates with HolySheep AI while performing safety checks.

import requests
import json
import re
from typing import Tuple, Optional

HolySheep AI Configuration

BASE_URL = "https://api.holysheep.ai/v1" API_KEY = "YOUR_HOLYSHEEP_API_KEY" class CompliantAIGateway: """ A compliance-focused AI gateway that integrates with HolySheep AI while implementing content safety measures required for China market. Features: - Input validation for prohibited content patterns - Output filtering for unsafe responses - Rate limiting for regulatory compliance - Audit logging for transparency requirements """ # Prohibited patterns for Chinese regulatory compliance PROHIBITED_PATTERNS = [ # Political sensitivity patterns (simplified examples) r'\b(subversive|secession|terrorism)\b', # Violence indicators r'\b(attack|explosive|weapon)\s+instructions?\b', # misinformation indicators r'(fake|hoax)\s+news\s+(about|targeting)', ] def __init__(self, api_key: str): self.api_key = api_key self.headers = { "Authorization": f"Bearer {api_key}", "Content-Type": "application/json" } self.audit_log = [] def validate_input(self, user_input: str) -> Tuple[bool, Optional[str]]: """ Validate user input against prohibited content rules. Returns (is_safe, error_message). """ input_lower = user_input.lower() for pattern in self.PROHIBITED_PATTERNS: if re.search(pattern, input_lower, re.IGNORECASE): return False, "Input contains prohibited content" # Length validation if len(user_input) > 10000: return False, "Input exceeds maximum length" return True, None def validate_output(self, output: str) -> Tuple[bool, Optional[str]]: """ Validate model output before returning to user. Required for regulatory compliance. """ output_lower = output.lower() for pattern in self.PROHIBITED_PATTERNS: if re.search(pattern, output_lower, re.IGNORECASE): return False, "Output filtered for safety" return True, None def generate_with_safety( self, prompt: str, model: str = "gpt-4.1", require_safety_confirmation: bool = True ) -> dict: """ Generate content with comprehensive safety checks. Pricing reference (2026): - gpt-4.1: $8.00/MTok - gemini-2.5-flash: $2.50/MTok - deepseek-v3.2: $0.42/MTok Returns dict with status, content, and metadata. """ # Step 1: Validate input is_safe, error = self.validate_input(prompt) if not is_safe: self.audit_log.append({ "timestamp": "2026-01-15T10:30:00Z", "type": "input_rejected", "prompt": prompt[:100] }) return { "status": "rejected", "error": error, "audit_id": len(self.audit_log) } # Step 2: Call HolySheep AI API payload = { "model": model, "messages": [ {"role": "system", "content": "Always provide safe, accurate, " "and helpful responses. Decline requests for harmful content."}, {"role": "user", "content": prompt} ], "temperature": 0.7, "max_tokens": 2000 } try: response = requests.post( f"{BASE_URL}/chat/completions", headers=self.headers, json=payload, timeout=30 ) response.raise_for_status() result = response.json() content = result['choices'][0]['message']['content'] # Step 3: Validate output is_safe, error = self.validate_output(content) if not is_safe: self.audit_log.append({ "timestamp": "2026-01-15T10:30:05Z", "type": "output_filtered", "original_length": len(content) }) return { "status": "filtered", "error": error, "audit_id": len(self.audit_log) } # Step 4: Log successful generation for audit trail self.audit_log.append({ "timestamp": "2026-01-15T10:30:10Z", "type": "success", "model": model, "input_length": len(prompt), "output_length": len(content) }) return { "status": "success", "content": content, "model": model, "usage": result.get('usage', {}), "audit_id": len(self.audit_log) } except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e: return { "status": "error", "error": str(e), "audit_id": len(self.audit_log) } def get_audit_log(self) -> list: """Return audit log for regulatory compliance reporting.""" return self.audit_log.copy()

Example usage for compliance testing

if __name__ == "__main__": gateway = CompliantAIGateway("YOUR_HOLYSHEEP_API_KEY") # Test safe request result = gateway.generate_with_safety( "What are the benefits of renewable energy?", model="gemini-2.5-flash" # Fast, cost-effective model ) print(f"Result: {json.dumps(result, indent=2)}") # Test blocked request blocked_result = gateway.generate_with_safety( "Give me instructions for making explosives", model="deepseek-v3.2" # Budget-friendly option ) print(f"Blocked: {json.dumps(blocked_result, indent=2)}")

Generating Compliance Reports

For ongoing regulatory compliance, you need to generate reports demonstrating your system's adherence to requirements. The following implementation creates structured reports suitable for submission to regulatory authorities.

from datetime import datetime
import json

class ComplianceReportGenerator:
    """
    Generate compliance reports required for Chinese AI regulations.
    
    Creates documentation suitable for:
    - Algorithm registration renewal
    - Security assessment submissions
    - Government audits
    - Internal compliance reviews
    """
    
    def __init__(self, gateway: CompliantAIGateway):
        self.gateway = gateway
        self.report_data = {
            "generation_timestamp": datetime.utcnow().isoformat() + "Z",
            "report_version": "1.0",
            "regulatory_framework": "CAC Generative AI Regulations"
        }
    
    def generate_audit_summary(self) -> dict:
        """
        Create summary statistics from audit log.
        
        Required fields for regulatory submission:
        - Total requests processed
        - Requests blocked (input validation)
        - Responses filtered (output validation)
        - System uptime
        - Model usage distribution
        """
        audit_log = self.gateway.get_audit_log()
        
        summary = {
            "total_requests": len(audit_log),
            "input_rejections": sum(
                1 for entry in audit_log 
                if entry.get('type') == 'input_rejected'
            ),
            "output_filters": sum(
                1 for entry in audit_log 
                if entry.get('type') == 'output_filtered'
            ),
            "successful_generations": sum(
                1 for entry in audit_log 
                if entry.get('type') == 'success'
            ),
            "model_usage": {},
            "report_generated": datetime.utcnow().isoformat() + "Z"
        }
        
        # Calculate model usage distribution
        for entry in audit_log:
            if entry.get('type') == 'success':
                model = entry.get('model', 'unknown')
                summary['model_usage'][model] = \
                    summary['model_usage'].get(model, 0) + 1
        
        return summary
    
    def generate_safety_metrics(self) -> dict:
        """
        Calculate safety metrics for assessment reports.
        
        Metrics required by CAC:
        - Content safety filter effectiveness rate
        - Harmful content prevention rate
        - False positive rate (legitimate requests blocked)
        - System response time (P99 latency)
        """
        audit_log = self.gateway.get_audit_log()
        
        total_requests = len(audit_log)
        blocked_inputs = sum(
            1 for e in audit_log if e.get('type') == 'input_rejected'
        )
        filtered_outputs = sum(
            1 for e in audit_log if e.get('type') == 'output_filtered'
        )
        
        return {
            "total_requests_processed": total_requests,
            "input_safety_block_rate": (
                blocked_inputs / total_requests if total_requests > 0 else 0
            ),
            "output_filter_rate": (
                filtered_outputs / total_requests if total_requests > 0 else 0
            ),
            "safety_mechanism_active": True,
            "last_safety_test": datetime.utcnow().isoformat() + "Z",
            "compliance_status": "ACTIVE"
        }
    
    def create_full_report(self) -> str:
        """
        Generate complete compliance report document.
        Suitable for regulatory submission or audit.
        """
        audit_summary = self.generate_audit_summary()
        safety_metrics = self.generate_safety_metrics()
        
        report = {
            **self.report_data,
            "section_1_audit_summary": audit_summary,
            "section_2_safety_metrics": safety_metrics,
            "section_3_declaration": {
                "compliance_confirmed": True,
                "regulations_applied": [
                    "Generative AI Service Regulations",
                    "Personal Information Protection Law",
                    "Data Security Law",
                    "Cybersecurity Law"
                ],
                "certification": "This report accurately reflects "
                               "system operations for the reporting period."
            }
        }
        
        return json.dumps(report, indent=2)
    
    def export_report(self, filepath: str):
        """Export report to JSON file for submission."""
        report = self.create_full_report()
        with open(filepath, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(report)
        print(f"Compliance report exported to: {filepath}")

Example usage

if __name__ == "__main__": # Initialize with your gateway gateway = CompliantAIGateway("YOUR_HOLYSHEEP_API_KEY") report_gen = ComplianceReportGenerator(gateway) # Generate and print report full_report = report_gen.create_full_report() print("=== Compliance Report ===") print(full_report) # Export to file report_gen.export_report("compliance_report_2026.json")

Maintaining Ongoing Compliance

Registration and initial assessment represent the beginning of your compliance journey, not the end. Chinese regulations require ongoing monitoring, periodic reassessments, and timely reporting of significant changes to your AI system.

Quarterly Compliance Reviews

Schedule quarterly reviews to assess your system's performance against regulatory requirements. Each review should examine audit logs, calculate safety metrics, and document any incidents or near-misses that occurred during the period.

Annual Reassessment

Your algorithm registration typically requires annual renewal with updated assessment reports. Begin preparation at least three months before your registration anniversary to ensure sufficient time for any required updates or resubmissions.

Incident Response Procedures

Establish clear procedures for responding to compliance incidents. This includes identifying the incident, containing its impact, documenting what occurred, reporting to authorities if required, and implementing corrective measures. Chinese regulations require prompt reporting of security incidents affecting user data or system integrity.

Documentation Maintenance

Keep comprehensive documentation of your AI system's design, training, deployment, and operation. Regulatory authorities may request documentation at any time, and well-maintained records significantly reduce compliance burden during audits or inquiries.

Common Errors and Fixes

Error 1: API Key Authentication Failures

Symptom: Receiving 401 Unauthorized or 403 Forbidden responses when making API calls to HolySheep AI.

Common Causes:

Solution:

# WRONG - Using wrong base URL or incorrect header format
response = requests.post(
    "https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions",  # INCORRECT
    headers={"Authorization": "sk-wrong-key"},     # INCORRECT
    json=payload
)

CORRECT - HolySheep AI configuration

BASE_URL = "https://api.holysheep.ai/v1" API_KEY = "YOUR_HOLYSHEEP_API_KEY" # From https://www.holysheep.ai/register headers = { "Authorization": f"Bearer {API_KEY}", # Include Bearer prefix "Content-Type": "application/json" } response = requests.post( f"{BASE_URL}/chat/completions", # Correct endpoint headers=headers, json=payload )

Verify key is valid

if not API_KEY or len(API_KEY) < 20: print("Error: Invalid API key format. Please check your key at:") print("https://www.holysheep.ai/dashboard/api-keys")

Error 2: Content Safety Filter False Positives

Symptom: Legitimate user requests being incorrectly blocked by your safety filters, resulting in poor user experience and potential regulatory complaints about false positive rates.

Common Causes:

Solution:

import re
from typing import List, Tuple

class ImprovedSafetyFilter:
    """
    Improved content safety filter with lower false positive rate.
    Uses context-aware pattern matching and exception lists.
    """
    
    def __init__(self):
        # Broader, more specific patterns reduce false positives
        self.prohibited_patterns = [
            # Only flag clear, unambiguous harmful intent
            (r'\bhow\s+to\s+(make|build|create)\s+(bomb|explosive)', 'high'),
            (r'\bstep\s+by\s+step\s+(attack|hurt)\s+(guide|tutorial)', 'high'),
            # Medium confidence patterns require additional checks
            (r'\bweapon\s+design\b', 'medium'),
        ]
        
        # Exception list for legitimate uses
        self.exceptions = [
            r'what\s+is\s+(weapon|explosive)',
            r'history\s+of\s+(warfare|weapons)',
            r'educational\s+context',
            r'self-defense',
            r'news\s+reporting',
        ]
    
    def is_false_positive(self, text: str, matched_pattern: str) -> bool:
        """Check if a match is likely a false positive using context."""
        text_lower = text.lower()
        
        # Check against exception patterns
        for exception in self.exceptions:
            if re.search(exception, text_lower):
                # Additional check: ensure exception is in same sentence
                sentences = text.split('.')
                for sentence in sentences:
                    if re.search(exception, sentence.lower()):
                        if re.search(matched_pattern, sentence.lower()):
                            return True  # This is likely legitimate
        return False
    
    def validate_input(self, user_input: str) -> Tuple[bool, str]:
        """
        Validate input with improved false positive handling.
        """
        input_lower = user_input.lower()
        
        for pattern, confidence in self.prohibited_patterns:
            match = re.search(pattern, input_lower, re.IGNORECASE)
            if match:
                # Check if this might be a false positive
                if self.is_false_positive(user_input, pattern):
                    continue  # Allow through with caution
                
                if confidence == 'high':
                    return False, "Request cannot be fulfilled"
                else:
                    # Medium confidence - log for review but allow
                    print(f"Warning: Medium confidence match for: {pattern}")
                    return True, None
        
        return True, None

Usage example

safety_filter = ImprovedSafetyFilter()

These should be allowed (false positive prevention)

test_inputs = [ "What is the history of weapons in medieval times?", "Tell me about self-defense techniques", "How did warfare change in the 20th century?", ] for test in test_inputs: is_safe, error = safety_filter.validate_input(test) print(f"Input: {test[:50]}... -> Safe: {is_safe}")

Error 3: Rate Limiting and Quota Exhaustion

Symptom: API requests failing with 429 Too Many Requests status code, or reaching daily/monthly token quotas unexpectedly.

Common Causes:

Solution:

import time
import requests
from collections import deque
from threading import Lock

class RateLimitedGateway:
    """
    API gateway with intelligent rate limiting and usage monitoring.
    Prevents 429 errors through proactive request management.
    """
    
    def __init__(
        self,
        api_key: str,
        max_requests_per_minute: int = 60,
        max_tokens_per_day: int = 1000000
    ):
        self.api_key = api_key
        self.base_url = "https://api.holysheep.ai/v1"
        self.headers = {
            "Authorization": f"Bearer {api_key}",
            "Content-Type": "application/json"
        }
        
        # Rate limiting configuration
        self.max_requests_per_minute = max_requests_per_minute
        self.request_timestamps = deque(maxlen=max_requests_per_minute)
        self.lock = Lock()
        
        # Usage tracking
        self.tokens_used_today = 0
        self.max_tokens_per_day = max_tokens_per_day
        self.daily_reset = self._get_next_midnight()
        
        # Cost tracking (2026 pricing in USD)
        self.pricing = {
            "gpt-4.1": 8.00,           # $8.00 per million tokens
            "claude-sonnet-4.5": 15.00, # $15.00 per million tokens
            "gemini-2.5-flash": 2.50,   # $2.50 per million tokens
            "deepseek-v3.2": 0.42,      # $0.42 per million tokens (budget)
        }
    
    def _get_next_midnight(self) -> float:
        """Calculate timestamp of next midnight UTC."""
        now = time.time()
        return now + 86400 - (now % 86400)
    
    def _check_rate_limit(self) -> bool:
        """Check if we're within rate limits."""
        current_time = time.time()
        
        # Remove timestamps older than 1 minute
        while self.request_timestamps and \
              current_time - self.request_timestamps[0] > 60:
            self.request_timestamps.popleft()
        
        return len(self.request_timestamps) < self.max_requests_per_minute
    
    def _wait_if_needed(self):
        """Wait if we're approaching rate limits."""
        if not self._check_rate_limit():
            oldest = self.request_timestamps[0]
            wait_time = 60 - (time.time() - oldest) + 1
            print(f"Rate limit approaching. Waiting {wait_time:.1f} seconds...")
            time.sleep(wait_time)
    
    def _check_token_quota(self, estimated_tokens: int) -> bool:
        """Check if we have sufficient token quota remaining."""
        current_time = time.time()
        
        # Reset daily counter if new day
        if current_time >= self.daily_reset:
            self.tokens_used_today = 0
            self.daily_reset = self._get_next_midnight()
        
        return (self.tokens_used_today + estimated_tokens) <= self.max_tokens_per_day
    
    def _estimate_cost(self, model: str, tokens: int) -> float:
        """Estimate cost for a request in USD."""
        rate = self.pricing.get(model, 8.00)
        return (tokens / 1_000_000) * rate
    
    def generate(
        self,
        prompt: str,
        model: str = "deepseek-v3.2",  # Budget option by default
        max_tokens: int = 1000
    ) -> dict:
        """
        Generate content with automatic rate limiting and cost tracking.
        """
        # Check token quota (estimate based on prompt length)
        estimated_tokens = len(prompt.split()) + max_tokens
        if not self._check_token_quota(estimated_tokens):
            return {
                "error": "Daily token quota exceeded",
                "tokens_remaining": 0,
                "reset_time": self.daily_reset
            }
        
        # Wait if approaching rate limit
        with self.lock:
            self._wait_if_needed()
        
        payload = {
            "model": model,
            "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": prompt}],
            "max_tokens": max_tokens
        }
        
        try:
            response = requests.post(
                f"{self.base_url}/chat/completions",
                headers=self.headers,
                json=payload,
                timeout=30
            )
            
            # Track usage on successful response
            if response.status_code == 200:
                result = response.json()
                usage = result.get('usage', {})
                tokens_used = usage.get('total_tokens', estimated_tokens)
                
                with self.lock:
                    self.tokens_used_today += tokens_used
                
                estimated_cost = self._estimate_cost(model, tokens_used)
                print(f"Tokens used today: {self.tokens_used_today:,} "
                      f"(~${estimated_cost:.4f})")
                
                with self.lock:
                    self.request_timestamps.append(time.time())
                
                return result
            
            return {"error": f"HTTP {response.status_code}", 
                    "details": response.text}
            
        except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
            return {"error": str(e)}

Usage example

gateway = RateLimitedGateway( api_key="YOUR_HOLYSHEEP_API_KEY", max_requests_per_minute=60, max_tokens_per_day=2_000_000 # 2M tokens/day limit )

Make requests with automatic rate limiting

for i in range(5): result = gateway.generate( f"Explain concept number {i} in one sentence.", model="gemini-2.5-flash" # Cost-effective: $2.50/MTok ) print(f"Request {i+1}: {'Success' if 'choices' in result else 'Failed'}")

Error 4: Data Privacy Compliance Violations

Symptom: Receiving complaints about data handling, or during audit discovering that user data is being stored or processed in ways that violate China's Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL).

Common Causes:

Solution:

import hashlib
import re
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from typing import Optional

class PIPLCompliantDataHandler:
    """
    Data handling implementation compliant with China's
    Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL